Livestock and production of basic livestock products in Southern Russia

Abstract

The research goal is to study the number dynamics of main farm animal species and the products obtained from them in the Southern Russia. The goal set in the research was achieved by using special scientific literature on the problem, official statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service periodicals. In Russia, from 2021 through 2022, cattle stock decreased by 161 thousand heads, sheep and goats - by 128.1 thousand heads, while the pig stock increased by 1413.2 thousand heads. It should be emphasized that the southern regions of the country increased the cattle stock over the studied period approximately by 0.1-1.0%, while the North Caucasian Federal District was characterized by the largest increase. It should be taken into consideration that the number of sheep and goats increased by an average of 175 thousand heads in the North Caucasus, while in the regions of the Southern Federal District, the stock decreased by 63 thousand heads. These regions accounted for 13,523.7 thousand heads of sheep and goats in 2022 which accounted for 65% of the total stock of these animals in the country. A greater increase of pig stock was characteristic of the North Caucasian Federal District - 4.1% as opposed to 0.7% in the Southern Federal District. In the Russian Federation, there was the increase of cow milk production by 657.9 thousand tons, or 5.0%; in the Southern Federal District - by 115.4 thousand tons, or 9.8%; in the North Caucasus Federal District - by 33.9 thousand tons, or 20.5%; chicken eggs - by 1424.4 million eggs, or 4.4%, and 636.7 million eggs, or 29.3%, 22.3 million eggs, or 10.6%, respectively. The monitoring the livestock numbers and livestock products testifies that the regions located in the south of the country make a certain, and in a number of positions, significant contribution to providing the population with the most important livestock products.