Effectiveness of intensive technology in dairy cattle farming

Abstract

Dairy cow performance is determined by cow genetic potential and it is the highest under favorable management conditions and optimal feeding level. The higher the milk production is, the greater the requirements for the quality of the diet and the concentration of nutrients are. The use of additional feed supplements in dairy cow diets makes it possible to provide the body with the necessary levels of nutrients and biologically active substances. During the research, depending on the level of milk production, the cow diet was analyzed, the digestibility of the main nutrients and protein supply were evaluated, and the cost of feed per liter of milk was determined. The diet of cows with a milk yield of 7800-8000 kg has a concentrated type of feeding; the proportion of concentrated feed is 50% or more. This increases the concentration of major nutrients, and their total intake is higher from 30 to 100% compared to cows with a milk yield of 3800-4000 kg. The inclusion of specialized feed supplements in the diet increases the availability of protein and optimizes the energy-protein ratio in the diet. The supply of digestible protein in the group of highly productive cows is by 14% higher, and that of microbial protein - by 13% higher compared to the low-productivity herd. Highly productive cows have higher digestibility of organic matter (by 9.1%), crude protein (by 6.5%), starch (by 1.7%), and low-productive cows have higher digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (by 3%). The feed costs per 1 kg of milk in the group of highly productive cows amounted to 11.6 rubles which was by 1.4 rubles lower than the costs in the group with the low-productivity cows (13.0 rubles).