Feasibility of using antibacterial drugs in treatment cystitis in dogs caused by Escherichia coli bacteria

Abstract

The research goal was to determine the feasibility of using antibacterial drugs in the treatment of cystitis in dogs caused by Escherichia coli bacterium. In the period from 2020 to 2023, 5,529 dogs were examined in Veterinarian Clinic “Klever”; 10.2% of them had clinical signs of cystitis. Altogether, 97 dogs of different ages, breeds and sexes were examined with a confirmed diagnosis of cystitis. The diagnosis was made based on the anamnesis, clinical examination, ultrasound examination of the urinary system, general analysis and bacteriological urine culture. When studying the anamnesis, the age of the primary manifestation of cystitis signs was taken into account as well as the presence of antibacterial drugs in the previously prescribed therapy and the duration of their intake. During ultrasound examination of the urinary system, the degree of bladder filling, bladder wall thickness and structure were determined. The presence of hypo-hyperechoic suspension and the presence of stones (uroliths) were evaluated. For bacteriological culture, urine was collected by cystocentesis under ultrasound control and sent for cultural testing to the VetUnion Laboratory (Moscow). It was found that the greatest number of visits with complaints of dysuria, hematuria, and polyuria occurred in autumn and spring (36.6% and 26.6%, respectively). Urological syndrome was more often found in middle-aged and older dogs: the proportion of animals aged 4-8 years was 46.6%, over 8 years - 40.0%. The most common uropathogen according to the results of bacterial urine cultures was the bacterium Escherichia coli (46.4%). In other cases, Staphylococcus spp. (26.8%) and Enterobacter spp. (24.7%) were detected. The data of the study on sensitivity to antibiotics showed that the highest resistance was found to Amoxicillin - in 60.0% of the examined dogs, the least - to Trimethoprim and Marbofloxacin - 20.0% each, respectively. The data obtained cast doubt on the advisability of using Amoxicillin in the treatment of cystitis complicated by bacterial microflora, and provides grounds for the development of new treatment regimens for this disease.