Green matter accumulation dynamics by different morphotypes of Pisum sativum in Yenisei Siberia

Abstract

This paper discusses the evaluation results of the influence of genetic characteristics and developing abiotic factors on the accumulation of green and dry matter by Pisum sativum L. of different morphotypes during the growing season in the Yenisei Siberia. The research targets were eight varieties and breeding lines of field pea of different morphotypes - leafed ones, the ones with a modified tendril leaf type, medium-stemmed and short-stemmed ones. The studies were carried out in 2023 and 2024 in a competitive variety testing nursery. Five typical plants were selected from each of the four replicates, their weight before and after drying was determined, and the percentage of air-dry matter content was calculated. The plants were weighed at the stage of 3-5 leaves and every 20 days after this stage; the second measurement was made at budding stage and flowering beginning; the third measurement - at the end of flowering - the beginning of fruit formation. It was found that the percentage of air-dry matter accumulation by the accessions at different stages of the growing season varied from 11.88% at the stage of 3-5 leaves to 35.52% in the end of flowering - fruit formation beginning. The influence of the year’s conditions on green and dry matter accumulation by the accessions during the growing season in the Yenisei Siberia was more significant (80.07-94.56%). Leafed accessions formed larger green matter. The plant weight from the stage of 3-5 leaves to the stage of budding - flowering beginning increased as following: in the varieties with a tendril leaf type - 6-8 times, in leafed ones - 10-13 times. The maximum weight after drying at the stage of flowering end - fruit formation beginning in leafed accessions reached 8.77-8.20 g per plant; the air-dry matter weight for the varieties with tendril leaf type was in the range of 7.16-7.55 g per plant.