Study of safety of different grape varieties and evaluation of possibility of their use in the production of combined food items

Abstract

The state and prospects of the use of plant ingredients in the composition of raw materials for the production of multi-component dairy-based food items are discussed. The use of plant ingredients as raw materials involves not only knowledge of their physicochemical composition, but also testing them for the presence of pesticides, heavy metal salts and mycotoxins that may be dangerous to humans. The research goal is to determine the presence of pesticides in plant ingredients and evaluate the possibility of their further use in the composition of multi-component products. The research targets were Pinot grapes and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes grown in the Krasnodar Region. The studies were conducted in 2022 and 2023. The content levels of pesticides, heavy metal salts and mycotoxins were determined in the laboratory of the Engineering Center for Advanced Food Technologies and Food Safety of the Russian Biotechnological University, Moscow, using the Agilent 8860 GC System (G2790A) 79233-20 gas chromatograph, the Agilent 1260 Infinity II LC liquid chromatograph, and the A-2 atomic absorption spectrometer with flame and electrothermal atomization according to the standard techniques. It was found that Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot grapes contained residual amounts of pesticides, heavy metal salts and mycotoxins, but their amounts were within the permissible limits and met the requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 021/2011 “On Food Safety”. Thus, the selected grapes may be advised for further research and use as plant ingredients in multicomponent dairy products.