Sunflower hybrids under the conditions of the Biya-Chumysh zone of the Altai Region

Abstract

Sunflower in the world and in Russia in particular, is one of the most demanded oilseed crops in terms of the products obtained. The area under sunflower in the Russian Federation in 2024 amounted to 9.75 million ha. Over the past 5 years, the increase of the areas occupied by the crop increased by 13.6%. In the TOP-10 regions of the country, the Altai Region ranks 4th - 887.7 thousand ha, which is 9.1% of the total Russian area. Under modern conditions by its usability, sunflower is a valuable and highly profitable crop for the grower. The introduction of new varieties and hybrids into the agricultural technology contributes to the increase of sunflower oil seed production. The research goal is to study and evaluate sunflower hybrids under the conditions of the Biya-Chumysh zone of the Altai Region. The experiments were carried out in the production fields of the farm SPK “Kolkhoz im. Kalinina” of the Biysk District of the Altai Region in 2019 and 2020. The following 5 sunflower hybrids were sown: two domestic ones - Sintez and Soyuz, and three hybrids of Syngenta company - SY Arko, Savinka, and Suzuka HTS. The Savinka hybrid was used as the standard in the trial. Under the conditions of the Biya-Chumysh zone of the Altai Region, the Sintez and Soyuz hybrids with the growing season of 81-85 days were defined as early maturing. These hybrids, regardless of the weather conditions, form their yields during a short growing season. In terms of yields, all hybrids formed a fairly high level for this crop. On two-year average, the maximum yield was obtained from the Suzuka HTS (2.77 t ha) and SY Arko (2.70 t ha) hybrids.