Potential of Linum ussitatissimum L. varieties in the taiga agroecological zone of the Tyumen Region

Abstract

The results of environmental testing of six flax genotypes in the taiga agroecological zone of the Tyumen Region are discussed. The research goal was to study the genotypes regarding the most important characters of breeding value at this ecological point. The maximum significant influence of the environmental conditions (Factor B) on straw yield (63.1%) was found. The interaction between genotype and environment (43.1-56.8%) determined the formation of seed, stem and fiber yields. The genotypic characteristics were significant in formation of straw yield (20.3%) and fiber yield (30.1%). The climatic conditions were favorable for the growth of tall fiber flax plants (91.9 cm on average); the genotypes G6 (97.3 cm), G1 (96.1 cm), and G3 (90.1 cm) were distinguished. The most promising genotypes for maximum straw yield at this ecological point are G1 (466.9 g m²), G3 (563.3 g m²); flax stem yield - G3 (504.2 g m²), G1 (391.2 g m²); flax fiber yield - G3 (154.3 g m²), G1 (124.8 g m²); seed yield - G4 (89.8 g m²), G5 (57.1 g m²), G1 (55.1 g m²). Fusarium wilt (R = 4.1-10.1%) was the most common phytopathogenic microorganism affecting flax plants. The genotypes G6 (R = 5.3%), G1 (R = 6.0%), and G5 (R = 6.9%) revealed the highest resistance to this disease (groups 1 and 2; 4 score points). It was found that the lodging degree was low; and regarding this character, the genotypes G1 (4.6 score points) and G5 (4.7 score points) should be distinguished. The correlation analysis showed significant (p < 0.05, n-2) relations of plant height and straw yield (r = 0.72*) and flax stem yield (r = 0.52*); fiber yield was determined by straw yield (r = 0.60*) and flax stem yield (r = 0.80*). Lodging resistance was partially determined by plant height (r = 0.38*).