Productivity indices and yield of common bean

Abstract

Common bean is one of the most popular leguminous crops among the population. It is a source of complete vegetable protein and an important crop in the development of modern ecological farming systems. The development of commercial production of common bean largely depends on the varieties and agricultural technology. The research goal is a comprehensive evaluation of productivity element formation of common bean accessions under the conditions of the Altai Region’s Ob River area. The research targets were the following 9 domestic varieties of determinate habit: Fizkulturnitsa, Omskaya Yubileynaya, Lukerya, Olivkovaya, Omichka, Businka, Zebra, Nerussa, Sirenevaya and 3 local forms: MF1, MF2, MF3. The Sirenevaya variety developed in the Altai Region was used as the control. The values of productivity indices and yields of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for 2022-2023 are presented in the table and figures. The results obtained after two-year testing showed different response of the accessions to the growing conditions. The average number of beans per plant varied from 6.5 pcs. per plant (MF1) up to 19.3 pcs. per plant (Nerussa variety). The excess over the standard Sirenevaya variety (8.4 pcs. per plant) was 129.8%. Judging by the yield indices for the two years of the study, it should be noted that the average yield of all studied varieties in 2023 was higher by 0.27 t ha or 24.8% than in 2022. In general, the yields of more than 1 t ha were achieved by the following varieties: Fizkulturnitsa (1.19 ± 0.46 t ha), Omskaya Yubileinaya (1.12 ± 0.25 t ha), Businka (1.72 ± 0.36 t ha), Nerussa (1.08 ± 0.65 t ha), MF1 (1.81 ± 0.10 t ha) and MF2 (2.51 ± 0.94 t ha).