Clinical picture of primary and secondary ophthalmopathy in horses as a manifestation of paraneoplastic syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53083/1996-4277-2024-234-4-68-73Keywords:
primary ocular neoplasms, secondary intranasal neoplasms, endogenous iridocyclochorioiditis, anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis, peripapillary chorioretinopathy, lens fibrosis, posterior synechiae, paraneoplastic syndromeAbstract
This paper discusses a scientifically based approach to the clinical picture of primary and secondary ophthalmopathy such as paraneoplastic syndrome. The clinical picture of endogenous lesions of the uveal tract associated with primary (ocular neoplasms) and secondary (neoplasms of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses) was studied. A comprehensive ophthalmological examination of animals was used: the condition of the fundus, the transparency of refractive media were evaluated, retinal vessels were examined paying attention to length, thickness, and the presence of neovascularization. The color of the optic disc was determined. When examining the vitreous body, its transparency, the condition of the preretinal layer, the presence of opacities, mooring, and vitrioretinal cords were evaluated. The endogenous course of inflammation of the uveal tract in primary ophthalmopathy arose due to the direct pressure of the neoplasm on the eyeball. Secondary ophthalmopathy cases were manifested when the neoplasm affected the eyeball from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. Inflammatory and degenerative or inflammatory or degenerative changes from the internal media of the eyeball were observed. With primary ophthalmopathy: lens fibrosis was detected in 67% of cases, posterior capsular false cataract in 33% of cases, vitreous mooring and destruction in 33% and 17% of cases, respectively. With secondary ophthalmopathy: lens fibrosis was observed in 58% of cases, posterior capsular false cataract in 42% of cases, vitreous body with mooring in 58% of cases and vitreous destruction in 17% of cases. The chronic course of endogenous uveitis was usually unilateral, with damage to the peripheral uveal tract in the form of peripapillary chorioretinopathy, and progression of retinal atrophy was observed in 100% of cases. In peripapillary chorioretinopathy, retinal vessels were shortened in 100% of cases, and the optic disc was white.