Technological level of wheeled tractors of different configuration

Abstract

The research goal is to substantiate the criteria and evaluate the level of realization of the potential capabilities of 4k4 wheeled tractors of various configurations in zonal soil cultivation technologies. Comparative evaluation of the technological level of tractors was made by replacing the basic configuration on single (1k) wheels with options on all double wheels (2k/) or only rear wheels (2k/). As the main parameter-adapter of the tractor to the technological process, the specific mass m_уд^* per unit of realized power was used in the nominal traction-speed mode at φ_кр^*=0.400 and V_Н1^*=2.50 m/s. Generalized relative indicators of specific productivity Wsp0, fuel consumption gW0 and agrotechnical properties A_T⁰ were adopted as evaluation criteria for efficiency. The complex indicator of technological properties K_Э⁰ is represented by a function of the specified criteria taking into account their weighting coefficients and the level of significance when changing the configuration. According to the modeling results, using the experimental traction characteristics of the Kirovets and Belarus tractors, switching to dual wheels leads to an increase of up to 7.6-8.0% of the nominal traction efficiency with a corresponding increase in the optimal weight and an increase in general performance indicators and fuel efficiency. The determining factor in increasing the general indicator of agrotechnical properties of a tractor on dual wheels 1.13-1.22 times with a weight of 38% is the reduction in pressure on the soil. The total contribution to the formation of a complex indicator of technological properties is as following: productivity - 46%; agrotechnical properties - 29%; fuel efficiency - 25%. Its increase when doubling all or rear (4k4a) reaches 12 and 7%, respectively.