Influence of domestically bred bulls on fertility, longevity and lifelong production of their descendants Black-Pied cows

Abstract

In highly productive herds, there is a noticeable decrease of the level of animal reproduction and longevity. These traits have a polygenic nature of inheritance where genetic factors occupy a significant position. The research goal was the following: to study the influence of servicing bulls of different origins on fertility, longevity and lifelong production of their descendants Black-Pied cows and determine the role of bulls of domestic breeding in improving the Altai population. The research was carried out in 2022 in the Black-Pied herd bred at the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies (the Department - Bred Livestock Farm PZ “Komsomolskoe”, Pavlovskiy District of the Altai Region). Altogether 6165 cows were involved. The animals were divided into groups taking into account the affiliation of the fathers to a related group and the type of breeding. The research findings showed that cows descendants of the bulls of domestic breeding had longer production life by 0.8 lactations, shorter service period by 10.4-14.4 days (p < 0.01), the insemination index was more economical by 0.4-0.8 semen doses, the lifetime milk yield was higher by 1162.6 kg of milk, yield of butterfat and protein was higher by 11.6-49.8 kg as compared to the herd-mates obtained from the bulls bred abroad. The daughters of bulls bred in the Altai Region were characterized by the best indices of reproductive ability and longevity with production at the level of the average for the herd. The most promising in terms of the complex of studied traits were the descendants of the servicing bulls from related groups M. Posfande, S. Rockman, M.B. Pontiac Mose, R.E. Elevation and I. Sam. The studied traits were by 10-32% dependent on paternal origin including belonging to a related group (16.5%) and the type of breeding (14.5%).