Investigation of the dependence of the maximum variable potential of wheat seeds on yield and aerodynamic properties

Abstract

Increasing wheat yields is an urgent problem of agriculture. Wheat yield is influenced by various factors, so specialists of various profiles deal with this problem. Crop cultivation technologies, seed quality control methods, yield forecasting methods, methods for studying the influence of weather conditions, etc. are improved. A promising method is to evaluate seed quality and predict yields by variable potential. In 2020 and 2021, the studies of the variable potential were carried out in wheat varieties Granni, Tasos and Altayskaya 75. In the course of the study, certain dependencies were obtained. To confirm these dependencies, in 2023, studies were conducted with the seeds of other varieties from other districts of the Altai Region. To analyze the research findings, a two-factor analysis of variance with repetitions was used. The maximum value of the variable potential was evaluated from two factors - the wheat variety and the seed fraction separated in an aeroseparator according to the terminal velocities of 8, 9, 10 and 11 m s. Depending on the seed quality, the variable potential may take both positive and negative values. It has been found that, regardless of the wheat variety, a stable pattern is observed between the polarity of the variable potential and seed damage. Cracks and chips always give a negative variable potential. For the seed fraction with a terminal velocity of 9 m s, the second regularity was confirmed. With increasing yield of wheat seeds, the maximum value of the variable potential decreases regardless of the wheat variety. According to the experimental points, a power-law dependence of the yield on the maximum of the variable potential was built. The coefficient of determination made 0.9952. The first pattern may be used to control the quality of cleaning lines. The second pattern may be used to predict wheat yields.