Selection of design and operating parameters of axial-rotor threshing and separating system for grain harvesting combine

Abstract

The influence of design and technological parameters of grain harvesters on engine power consumption and quality indices of the technological process during harvesting of cereal crops and soybean is discussed. The relevance of this study is due to the need for selecting a rotary harvester model that enhances harvest efficiency under conditions where average yield ranges from 2.0 to 2.5 t ha. The technical and operational characteristics of domestic and foreign grain harvesters equipped with axial-rotor threshing-separating systems (TSS) were compared. The key factors affecting engine power consumption were examined including the reaping section. Theoretical methods were employed to determine the required engine power necessary for performing the technological process and moving the harvester. It was found that there existed a linear dependence between consumed engine power and the width of the reaper cutter bar. Approximately 50% of the engine total power was utilized in executing the technological processes associated with TSS operation and cutting mechanisms. An optimal value of the corrected feeding rate was analyzed considering the average yield specific to the Amur Region conditions which resulted in an optimum of 9 kg s ensuring minimal losses and damage to grains. Engine power distribution showed unevenness with a significant portion allocated towards the technological process itself. This linear relationship allows for choosing an appropriate size of the reaper bar. An optimized corrected feeding rate ensures minimum levels of loss and grain damage. It is advised to use harvesters with specifications similar to those of Yafeng New Age 9166 for agricultural operations in the Amur Region. The research findings identified the critical parameters influencing the performance of grain harvesters equipped with axial-rotor TSS contributing significantly to improving grain production efficiency.