Varieties of common bean as an element of organic technology

Abstract

One of the approaches that help reducing the environmental impact of agricultural production is organic farming. In Russia, the production of environmentally friendly agricultural products associated with organic farming has been developing intensively relatively recently. The presence of arable lands in the Siberian region where chemicals are not used or are used in small quantities enables agricultural producers to actively engage in the production of organic products. The growing demand for organic crops requires a scientific basis for introducing such crops into the production process. A great deal of attention from growers and scientists is focused on the growing of organic leguminous crops in Russia and including Siberia. One such crop is common bean. To increase the efficiency of common bean production, as many researchers note in their works, it is necessary to conduct preliminary tests of varieties and agronomic practices under the proposed crop growing conditions. Currently, 33 varieties of common bean been released for the West Siberian region. However, not all varieties listed in the register are equally responsive to the proposed growing conditions. Our research findings showed that three accessions achieved the maximum possible realization of their genetic potential under organic technology. These are the ‘Businka’ variety (developed in the Altai Region) with an average yield of 6.7 t ha over the years of the study, and two local forms from the Altai Region: MF-1 (average yield - 5.7 t ha) and MF-2 (average yield - 6.6 t ha). The varieties ‘Olivkovaya’ and ‘Nerussa’ which consistently produce high yields may be included in the production process under organic technology in the Altai Region.