Influence of agrotechnological techniques on oat seed yields and quality under the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

Abstract

The research goal was to develop a seed production technology for growing a new oat variety Uspesh (sowing dates, sowing rates, and various fertilizer application rates) that would increase the yields of high-quality seeds by 15-20%. The effects of sowing dates, sowing rates, and mineral fertilizer application rates on the yields and quality of oat seeds were studied. The research was conducted on the experimental fields of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture in Minino in 2023, 2024, and 2025. The research targets were the Tubinskiy, Sayan and Uspekh oat varieties. The influence of the sowing dates (May 17 and May 25) and sowing rates (4.0, 4.5 and 5.0 million germinable seeds per ha), and fertilizer application rates (N₃₀P₃₀К₃₀ and N₆₀P₃₀К₃₀) on seed quality and yields of oat varieties was studied. From 2023 through 2025, the yield of oats of the first sowing date (May 15) was by 0.03-0.35 t ha higher than that of the second sowing date (May 25), and amounted to 2.93-3.43 t ha. With a seeding rate of 5.0 million germinable seeds per hectare, the yields increased by 0.13-0.25 t ha compared to sparse sowing. Fertilizer application rates of N₃₀P₃₀K₃₀ and N₆₀P₃₀K₃₀ increased the yields by 0.13-0.34 t ha. The new variety Uspeskh showed the greatest response to increased agricultural background increasing the yield by 0.34 t ha compared to the control. The optimal sowing date (May 15), the seeding rate of 5.0 million germinable seeds, and the fertilizer rate of N₆₀P₃₀К₃₀ increased the yields by 0.03-0.35 t ha, and the yield of high-quality seeds by 15-20%. The variety Uspekh outperformed the Sayan and Tubinskiy varieties in terms of yields by 0.21-0.33 t ha in all experimental variants.