Method for designing quality indices of technical systems for agrocenosis cultivation technology efficiency

Abstract

Scientific support for agricultural production requires taking into account the quality of the products produced. Therefore, two conditions are essential: 1) a high theoretical and methodological level of work and its integrity; 2) the closest integration with production. The corresponding variability of soil and climatic conditions should be ensured by a variety of crop production. According to general systems theory and the laws of nonlinear synthesis, integrating structures of different ages into a complex structure provides energy and cost savings. This goal is achieved not only by minimizing deviations of the studied object from the reference behavior and filtering out unwanted disturbances, but also by enhancing beneficial effects and fluctuations. Moreover, the primary goal of any organization in a market economy is profit. However, domestic agricultural machinery manufacturing is based on minimizing the costs of producing technical support for grain crop growing technologies. The primary method of influencing soil and plants during technological process control is mechanical using various types of machinery. Inefficient use of technical and energy resources is becoming a key factor in reducing the competitiveness of agricultural products. The problem with domestic agricultural machinery systems is their functional incompleteness which necessitates their evolutionary development. This raises the challenge of increasing the productivity and economic efficiency of grain crop growing processes. The research goal is to develop a methodological approach for designing technical systems implementing resource-saving technologies for water-saving crop protection. The research objectives are as following: 1) to identify the key factors and performance indices of water-saving crop protection and determine promising areas for improving their technical support; 2) to establish the key relationships between the parameters of arable land soil structure heterogeneity and the parameters of technical equipment and develop a methodological approach for their design that ensures the implementation of resource-saving technologies for water-saving crop protection. The research target is the technological processes of interaction between the main parameters of the heterogeneous soil cover structure and the parameters and operating modes of technical systems. The research methods are based on systems analysis and synthesis of technical systems, methods of oscillation theory, methods of differential and integral calculus, and the discrete element method.