Epizootology and prevention of bovine filariasis on farms of the Altai Region

Abstract

The optimization strategies of combating key bovine filariasis infections (onchocerciasis, setariasis and paraphilariasis) under the specific conditions of the Altai Region are discussed. Helminthic infections remain the prevalent pathologies in veterinary practice causing year-round economic damage to animal husbandry. For the Altai Region, the problem of filariasis is particularly topical due to the lack of clearly regulated mechanisms of action on pathogens and scientifically based prevention dates. The research goal was to improve protocols for the control of bovine filariasis in the region. The research part implemented on the farms of the Slavgorodskiy District included tests of the efficacy of the Avermectin series and combined formulations: Ivermek, Baymek, Ganamectin, Santomectin and Closalben. The conducted test cycle confirmed the pronounced microfilaricidal activity of all the drugs submitted for testing. When treating onchocerciasis, Ivermek and Baymek showed absolute efficacy (100%) throughout the entire observation period, while the use of Santomectin and Closalben was accompanied by a slight decrease of the indices by day 45, prevalence to 95.8% and 95.5%, respectively. The monitoring of the animal condition was carried out using laboratory analysis of dermal and hematological samples as well as through pathoanatomic examination. It was found that Ivermectin cycle drugs at a dosage of 0.2 mg kg (with a single subcutaneous injection) demonstrated a pronounced microfilaricidal effect ranging from 92.9% to 100%. The drug Baymek showed maximum efficacy ensuring complete elimination of larval stages and eggs. Despite the relief of the clinical picture, the autopsy confirmed the absence of macrophilaricidal effects on imago. The data obtained substantiate the use of Avermectins for preventive deworming schemes.