Productivity of spring wheat varieties under the Altai Region’s conditions

Abstract

Wheat grain production in Russia is currently at the level of 85-95 million ton; approximately 45-50 million ton is exported. The farmers of the Altai Region produce approximately 4-5 million ton of wheat a year that accounts for over 50% of all Siberian wheat production and approximately 5-7% of the national total. The research goal was to identify spring soft wheat varieties with high biological response to the growing conditions during yield formation. The research was conducted in 2024 and 2025 at a demonstration site located in the Tselinnyy District of the Altai Region on land owned by the OOO Saturn. The research targets were five Russian spring soft wheat varieties Gonets and Lider-80, and three foreign varieties, Aquilon, Torridon, and Buran. The research revealed differences in yields of the varieties and years of observation. The average yield in 2025 (10.4 t ha) exceeded the yield in 2024 (6.6 t ha) by 36.5%. The maximum yields on both years of the study was obtained from the Aquilon variety (7.1 t ha in 2024 and 13.1 t ha in 2025). The Lider-80 variety formed a stable yield on each year of the study regardless of the conditions (2024 - 7.7 t ha, 2025 - 7.4 t ha). The varieties studied in the experiment proved to be stable during yield formation. The coefficient of variation (Cv) of the varieties during the study period did not exceed 10%. The “year” factor had the maximum impact on yield - 58.1%.