Improvement of intelligent control devices for power-consuming units in rural individual residential buildings

Abstract

The design power of a three-phase energy input to a rural individual residential building (IRB) is constantly growing and today is 15 kW and more. The main problems that arise in this case are the asymmetric power consumption of the IRB and the unevenness of the electrical load schedules. The research goal is to develop a device for intelligent control of power-consuming units of a house which allows reducing the level of asymmetry of power consumption as well as equalizing the daily load schedule to reduce the design power. A block diagram and a circuit diagram of a device for intelligent control of IRB electric loads based on Arduino Uno microcontrol units with priority four-stage control of electric loads was developed. The main idea of the algorithm for intelligent control of IRB power-consuming units is that the total load at the input to IRB does not exceed 15 kW. When four groups of film radiant electric heaters (FREH) are switched on during the heating period and when the phase current of the load operating on a free schedule exceeds the value of 9.09 A in one of the phases (corresponds to a power of 2 kW per phase), one of the phases of one group of FREH of the kitchen electrical heating system is turned off. If the load increases to 12.5 A, the FREH is disconnected in the corresponding phase of the FREH group of the 1st room. In case of further load increase up to 15.91 A, the FREH is disconnected in the corresponding phase of the group of FREH of the 2nd room, and in case of increase up to 19.32 A, the FREH is disconnected in the corresponding phase of the group of FREH of the 3rd room, thereby ensuring balancing of load currents at the input to the IRB. The activation of the corresponding stages of the electrical heating system is carried out in reverse order. The use of the proposed devices will increase the filling factor of the load schedule for energy input of houses to 0.62-0.84, and, therefore, the load factor of the transformer substation and connect an additional number of houses to the same 0.38 kV electrical networks. For example, the connection of three houses to a 40 kVA pole-mounted transformer substation instead of two houses is possible.