Comparative evaluation of interspecific potato hybrids in the low-mountain terrains of the Altai Mountains
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53083/1996-4277-2026-255-1-30-38Keywords:
potato, interspecific hybrid, variety, conditions, low mountains, productivity, adaptation, yielding capacity, tuber, diseases, resistanceAbstract
Potato is one of the most widespread and popular agricultural crops. In Russia, potato is among the crops that form the basis of food security. In global potato growing, Russia ranks sixth regarding the area under the crop (1.1 million ha), and seventh regarding the gross yield (19.3 million tons). On average, the gross yield in Russia from 2020 through 2024 fluctuated at the level of 18-20 million tons. The climatic conditions of the Republic of Altai are not particularly favorable for crops; they may be described as extreme in relation to the biological characteristics of the plants grown. The research goal in 2024 and 2025 was comparative evaluation of interspecific potato hybrids for their productivity, yields, and disease resistance under the low-mountain conditions of the Altai Mountains. Special research and production sites facilitate more comprehensive study of new varieties and hybrids. In the low-mountain region of the Altai Mountains, the Agro-Biological Station (ABS) of Gorno-Altaysk State University is one of such sites. The research targets were the following interspecific potato hybrids: 24-2, 160-1, 190-4, and 90-6-2. The research findings showed high productivity of the 24-2 hybrid which was determined by the optimal combination of sufficiently large number of tubers per plant and high marketable tuber weight. In contrast, the prevalence of small tubers in the 90-6-2 and 190-4 hybrids limited the realization of their yield potential. The lower-yielding hybrids (90-6-2 and 190-4) showed sufficient viability, but they required further selective breeding to increase the coefficient of transformation of photosynthetic mass into productive organs. The studied interspecific potato hybrids possess significant adaptive potential which opens up prospects for their use in breeding and introduction to ensure food security and increase crop stability under the extreme conditions of the low mountains of the Altai Mountains.
