Agronomic and economic efficiency of linseed growing in the central zone of the Altai Region

Abstract

It is known that fertilizer effectiveness is determined by the yield gain of the main product, by the payback of 1 kg of applied fertilizers, the payback of 1 ruble of costs, and profit or income. Under the conditions of the Central soil and climatic zone, for 3 years, the studies were conducted on the effect of pre-sowing application of ammonium sulfate and post-sowing application of compound NPK fertilizer on linseed yield and the yield of additional products. The studies were conducted under the conditions of unstable precipitation and significant daily and seasonal fluctuations of air temperatures. Linseed is very demanding of the availability of mineral nutrients; it is most acutely manifested at the key stages of flax ontogenesis as the “herringbone” stage and the stage of active linear growth of the plant’s vegetative organs. The application of ammonium sulfate alone ensured a yield gain by 7.6%, and combined application of ammonium sulfate and compound NPK fertilizer ensured a yield gain by 18.4-23.2%. Therewith, the content levels of the main seed quality components as protein and oil changed slightly compared to the control. However, taking into account the linseed yield, the oil yield was 0.66-0.93 t ha compared to 0.69 t ha in the control; protein yield gain from the fertilized variants was 14-53 kg ha with higher values in the variant of combined fertilizer application. The payback of 1 kg of primary nutrients by seeds, oil and protein in the variant with ammonium sulfate made 2.62 kg of seeds, 1.90 kg of oil and 0.32 kg of protein; in the variant of combined application with compound NPK fertilizer the payback amounted to 3.27, 2.31, and 0.51 kg, respectively. Pre-sowing application of ammonium sulfate and post-sowing application of compound NPK fertilizer contributed to high profitability of 75-85%.