Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of organic and intensive soybean growing technologies in the temperately arid and forest-outlier steppe of the Altai Region

Abstract

Comparative evaluation of the yields and yield formula elements when growing the soybean variety Pripyat by intensive and organic technologies in the temperately arid and forest-outlier steppe of the Altai Region is discussed. The intensive technology included pre-sowing seed treatment with a tank mixture of the products Vibrance Gold, SC (1.2 L t) + Instivo, SC (0.8 L t) + Organit Rizo (2.5 L t); during the growing season, the fungicide Spirit, SC (0.3 L ha) was applied, and before sowing, the soil was fertilized with NP+S (16:20 + 14). The organic technology included pre-sowing seed treatment with a tank mixture: RizoProtector (0.2 kg per 10 L of inoculant) + RizoBash ( 3L t) + Fitosporin-AC, Liquid (1.5 L t) + Liquid mycorrhiza (0.04 L t) + Biolipostim (0.2 L t); during the growing season, the plants were treated 3 times with a tank mixture of Fitosporin-AC, Liquid (1.5 L ha) + Gumi-20 K (0.2 L ha): the first treatment was performed at V1 and V2 growth stages, the second treatment at V3 growth stage, and the third treatment - at the end of flowering and in the beginning of pod formation. The yields and yield formula were studied, and grain quality was evaluated. The yield in the organic farming variant reached 3.25 t ha, by 14% more than in the control and by 4.5% more than in the intensive farming variant. The organic technology improves the nutritional value of soybean grain increasing its protein content (by 1.75-1.31%) and mineral content. The intensive technology increases oil content but it is behind in the yields and protein content. The control variant showed the lowest yields confirming the need for modern agricultural technologies based on biological products and microbiological agents when producing organic plant materials.