Comparative evaluation of potato varieties of different ripening dates grown under Kuzbass conditions

Abstract

The research goal was to evaluate the yield capacity, quality and economic efficiency of different varieties of table potatoes grown under the conditions of Kuzbass for further identification of the preferred variety. A field experiment was conducted from 2022 through 2024 on the farm KFKh Tumanov A.A. The crop growing technology was common for the zone. The adaptability coefficient was determined according to the method of L.A. Zhivotkov et al. The analysis of the variety adaptability calculation showed that in the early-ripening group, three varieties (Natasha, Gala and Mia) had the adaptability coefficients above one on all three years. This suggests that the varieties were quite stable. In the mid-early group, the Baltic Rose variety was distinguished; the adaptability coefficient exceeded one and amounted to 1.14. The most storable varieties were Baltic Rose (93%), Red Scarlett (92%), Gala (90%) and Natasha (90%). Absolute rot was found in the following varieties: Arizona - 10%, Alouette - 6%, and Mia - 5%. The evaluation of table potato samples revealed the absence of tubers with hollow hearts in all studied varieties. It was shown that varietal characteristics influenced the number of small tubers. Lower degree of infection with common scab and late blight (35%) was found in the Baltic Rose and Alouette varieties, and higher degree (62%) in the Gala variety. Analysis of the economic efficiency of potato growing on the farm KFKh Tumanov A.A. showed a positive level of profitability for all studied varieties. The conducted studies allowed identifying the most valuable highly adapted potato varieties for use in production under the conditions of the Kemerovo Region (Kuzbass). These are the Baltic Rose, Natasha, Red Scarlett, Gala, and Alouette potato varieties.