Inheritance of characters of resistance to imidazolinone herbicides in breeding material

Abstract

The Clearfield^® sunflower production system (BASF) based on the use of two components - herbicides containing the active ingredients imazapyr and imazamox belonging to the imidazolinone series and herbicide-resistant hybrids, has become widespread in global agricultural production. The development of herbicide-resistant sunflower hybrids adaptive to specific growing conditions and capable of competing with foreign hybrids opens up new opportunities for domestic plant breeding. The research goal is to develop domestic sunflower hybrids that are resistant to herbicides of the imidazolinone class adapted to the growing conditions in the main regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and that are not inferior to foreign analogues regarding economic characters. The experiments were carried out in the selection crop rotation field of the Experimental Farm for Oil-Bearing Crops, East-Kazakhstan Region, Republic of Kazakhstan; the agricultural technology was common for sunflower growing. When studying the material, research was carried out using field, selection and laboratory methods according to B.A. Dospekhov, A.I. Gundaev, V.S. Pustovoyt, A.B. Dyakov, A.V. Anashchenko, and V.M. Lukomets. The work on introducing the herbicide resistance gene through saturation technique into the parental recipient lines was carried out both in the field and under controlled conditions of the artificial climate chamber which made it possible to obtain two generations during one year. The selection work, including self-pollination and selection, made it possible to obtain constant homozygous herbicide-resistant analogues of maternal and paternal selection accessions by 2023. New self-pollinated lines resistant to imidazoline herbicides were evaluated and tested. Altogether, 424 accessions were studied. Based on the results of the breeding work, 105 accessions were obtained and four maternal and five lines of pollen fertility restorers with Rf genes that were resistant were isolated. As a result of repeated backcrossing, we transferred resistance characters from the donor line to the recipient selection lines.