Substantiation of using growth promoters in potato growing in the Ryazan Region

Abstract

The advantage of the mechanism of action of growth promoters implies their direct effect on the processes of plant growth and development; they are not intended to destroy harmful objects. The research goal was to study the effect of growth promoters on the growing process, productivity and quality of potatoes. The research was conducted in 2022 and 2023 in the Non-Chernozem zone. The research targets were mid-ripening potato variety Favorit and three growth promoters (Epin-Extra, P, Zircon, P, and Emistim, P). According to the results of a two-year experiment, the largest number of buds was by tuber treatment with Zircon, P, and amounted to 82.3%. Pre-planting treatment of tubers increased field germination by 2.5-3.5%. The growing season in the variant with Epin-Extra, P and Zircon, P, was reduced by five days. When treating tubers and plants with Zircon, P, the number of stems exceeded the control by 11.8%, number of leaves - by 6.7%, leaf area - by 12.8%, and plant height - by 12.4%. The use of growth promoters contributed to the increased plant photosynthetic potential in the variant with Zircon, P, by 0.321, Epin-Extra, P, - by 0.26, and Emistim, P, - by 0.16 million m² per day ha. The use of the growth promoter Zircon, P, showed the greatest increase of all indices of the biomass of potato plants of the Favorit variety (top weight + 40.8%, stem weight + 42.7%, leaf weight + 39.3%, tuber weight + 19.3%, number of tubers + 14.1%). When treating tubers with the Zircon, P, growth promoter, the yield gain compared to the control reached 4.29 t ha (21.2%).