Electrode for manual arc welding of steels 12Х18Н9Т+10

Abstract

In modern agricultural mechanical engineering, electrodes are widely used for welding dissimilar steels and alloys where parts and structures are welded from materials that differ significantly in their physical and mechanical characteristics, chemical composition, number of alloying components and weldability. The main problems characteristic of welding dissimilar metals and alloys are associated with the appearance of brittle layers in the weld joint. The degree of their manifestation is determined by the nature of the interacting materials during the formation of permanent welded joints. The reasons explaining the low level of strength properties, impact toughness, static and fatigue crack resistance of welded structures made of dissimilar materials are the formation of zones of variable chemical composition with a complex (different) crystal structure, the presence of brittle intermetallic compounds or non-metallic inclusions, high-strength hardened zones, the appearance of residual stresses, etc. As a rule, it is not possible to get rid of these problems by optimizing welding and surfacing modes. If during the welding process there is no active mixing of the electrode and the materials of the workpieces being joined, then in most cases it is not possible to achieve a high-quality weld. Therefore, one of the most important scientific and complex production tasks when welding dissimilar materials is to obtain permanent high-quality joints of carbon and alloy steels.