Results of testing spring rape varieties and lines regarding yields and seed quality under the conditions of the south of West Siberia

Abstract

Currently, rape becomes increasingly important in the group of oilseed crops. This crop is universal in terms of the purposes of using the resulting products. It is widely used to produce foods (rapeseed oil), animal feeds (green forage, haylage) and technical raw materials (technical oil). Due to its high biological plasticity, rape is grown in many regions of the world. The potential for growth in the sown area of rape in Russia is up to 6-8 million ha, and the yield of spring and winter rape is 10-12 million tons. In this regard, our research goal was to identify promising breeding material for spring rape based on economic traits and quality indices of seeds for further work on the development of new varieties adapted to cultivation conditions. The studies were conducted from 2020 through 2022 in the forest-steppe of the Altai Region’ Ob River area. The research targets were 15 spring rape varieties (6 varieties, 9 lines). On three-year average, the yield of the accessions made 1.88 t ha. The variety ANIISKH 4 should be noted as the most stable in terms of this index over three years with the yield of 1.79 t ha and the average deviation of 0.19 t ha. The highest yields were obtained in the varieties Sibiryak 60 (1.97 ± 0.26 t ha) and Kenar (2.00 ± 0.37 t ha). The following lines also showed high levels of productivity: FBR-200 (2.02 ± 0.39 t ha), AK-2 (2.04 ± 0.46 t ha), 624-17-7 (2.08 ± 0.48 t ha), 624-17-5 (2.03 ± 0.41 t ha). The following most promising high-yielding and high-quality rape lines were identified for further breeding work: FBR-210, AK-2, 624-17-7, 624-17-5 belonging to the “00” category.