Treatment of bladder dysfunction in case of secondary hyperparathyroidism in animals

Abstract

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common diseases in pet animals during the period of intensive growth and development up to one year manifested by a complex of systemic changes in bone tissue, traumatic manifestations, neurological disorders, dysfunction of the bladder and intestines. Physiotherapeutic methods of electrotherapy in animals are often used for rehabilitation and restoration of lost dynamic functions of organs as a result of diseases or injuries including secondary hyperparathyroidism suffered at an early age. The necessity of using physiotherapy methods to provide analgesia and restore the physiological functions of organs and tissues in animals with loss of musculoskeletal ability which also inevitably leads to a decrease in muscle mass, a decrease in the functional activity of the contractile ability of the wall, sphincter and detrusor of the bladder is fully justified. Effective analgesia in animals with the appearance of clinical signs of traumatic injuries of tubular bones, spine and pelvis with modern non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) solves the problems of inflammation and pain in the early therapeutic period but has a short period of use. Physiotherapeutic methods of electrostimulation based on the use of constant low-frequency galvanic current and alternating pulse current which have antispasmodic, neurostimulating and analgesic effects may be used for longer courses and may shorten the duration of treatment in case of clinical manifestations of secondary hyperparathyroidism in cats. The research goal was to compare the effectiveness of electrotherapy methods for stimulating peripheral reflex zones of the lower urinary tract during the rehabilitation period in cats with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Electrical stimulation with alternating pulse current was performed in a lateral position by transverse application of skin electrodes in the sacrum and in the pubic bone. An expotential pulse current with a frequency of 8-12 Hz, the number of modulations 12-24 per minute and a voltage of 1.5-5 V (depending on individual sensitivity) passed between the two contact electrodes. The procedure was carried out daily for 15 min; the course of treatment was 10 sessions. Galvanization in cats with neurological deficiency was carried out by applying contact electrodes, an anode to the sacrum area, a cathode over the pubic bone, galvanic current with a voltage of 60 Volts, a current of 0.1-0.5 V (depending on individual sensitivity). The procedure was carried out daily for 20 min; the course of 10 sessions. The studies conducted to stimulate the peripheral reflex zones of the lower urinary tract during the rehabilitation period in cats with secondary hyperparathyroidism using physiotherapeutic methods of electrical stimulation with alternating pulse current and galvanization significantly restore the functions of the body. However, the use of electrostimulation with pulsed alternating current may be considered a more effective technique that provides a stable myostimulating, analgesic effect, reduces the duration of the rehabilitation period and is well tolerated by animals.